Use Mnemonics in Studying

 

Mnemonics are memory aids that can help you remember and recall information more effectively. They are especially useful in studying when you need to memorize facts, formulas, dates, lists, or any other information that might be challenging to remember. Here's how you can use mnemonics in studying:

1. Acronyms: Create acronyms by taking the initial letters of a list of items you want to remember and forming a word or a phrase. For example, to remember the Great Lakes in North America (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, and Superior), you can use the acronym "HOMES."

2. Acrostics: Similar to acronyms, acrostics use the first letters of a list of items to create a memorable sentence or phrase. Each word in the sentence represents the first letter of the items you want to remember. For example, to remember the order of operations in mathematics (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, and Subtraction), you can use the acrostic "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally."

3. Visualization: Create vivid mental images related to the information you want to remember. The more absurd or humorous the image, the easier it will be to recall. For instance, to remember the steps of the scientific method (Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analysis, Conclusion), you can visualize a scientist observing a flying hippopotamus, then forming a hypothesis about its flight, conducting an experiment, analyzing the results, and finally, drawing a conclusion.

4. Chunking: Break large chunks of information into smaller, manageable groups. For instance, if you need to memorize a long series of numbers, divide them into groups of three or four digits. It's easier to remember smaller groups than trying to memorize a long sequence at once.

5. Rhymes and Jingles: Create rhymes, songs, or jingles that incorporate the information you want to remember. The rhythm and melody can make the information more memorable. For example, to remember the number of days in each month, you can use the classic rhyme: "Thirty days hath September, April, June, and November..."

6. Storytelling: Construct a story that includes the information you need to remember. Make it engaging and memorable, so the information becomes woven into the narrative. Our brains are wired to remember stories better than isolated facts.

7. Memory Palace (Method of Loci): This technique involves mentally placing the information you want to remember in specific locations within a familiar place, such as your house. As you mentally walk through these locations, you can recall the information associated with each place.

8. Flashcards: Create flashcards with a cue on one side (e.g., a question, keyword, or term) and the answer on the other side. Review the flashcards regularly, focusing on the ones you find more challenging.

Remember to use mnemonics in combination with other study techniques, such as active learning, regular practice, and repetition. Different mnemonic strategies work better for different people, so experiment and find what works best for you. Mnemonics can significantly enhance your ability to remember and retain information, ultimately improving your performance in exams and academic pursuits.

How to Improve Learning Retention

 

Improving learning retention involves adopting effective study strategies and lifestyle habits that enhance memory and knowledge retention. Here are some tips to help you improve your learning retention:

1. Stay Engaged and Active: Actively participate in your learning process. Take notes, ask questions, and engage in discussions to reinforce your understanding of the material.

2. Practice Spaced Repetition: Review and revisit the material at regular intervals. Spacing out your study sessions helps strengthen memory retention compared to cramming.

3. Use Mnemonics: Mnemonic techniques, such as acronyms, visualization, or rhymes, can aid in remembering complex information by creating associations and cues.

4. Chunk Information: Break down complex subjects into smaller, manageable chunks. Focus on mastering one chunk before moving on to the next, which improves comprehension and retention.

5. Teach Others: Teach what you've learned to someone else. Explaining concepts to others reinforces your understanding and helps retain the information better.

6. Utilize Multisensory Learning: Engage multiple senses during your learning process. Read aloud, draw diagrams, or use hands-on activities to strengthen memory connections.

7. Create Mind Maps: Visualize relationships between concepts by creating mind maps or diagrams. These visual representations aid in memory recall.

8. Practice Retrieval: Regularly quiz yourself on the material without referring to your notes. Retrieval practice strengthens memory retention.

9. Get Sufficient Sleep: Ensure you get enough restorative sleep each night. Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation.

10. Manage Stress: High levels of stress can negatively impact memory and learning. Find healthy ways to manage stress, such as exercise, meditation, or hobbies.

11. Stay Organized: Keep your study materials and notes well-organized. An organized study environment reduces distractions and makes it easier to review information.

12. Breaks and Pacing: Take short breaks during study sessions to prevent mental fatigue. Pace your learning to avoid overwhelming yourself with too much information at once.

13. Connect New and Prior Knowledge: Relate new information to existing knowledge. Building connections between old and new concepts improves retention.

14. Stay Curious and Interested: Approach learning with curiosity and a genuine interest in the subject matter. Passion for the topic can boost motivation and retention.

15. Avoid Multitasking: Focus on one subject or task at a time. Multitasking can hinder effective learning and memory retention.

16. Utilize Technology Wisely: While technology can be a valuable learning tool, use it judiciously to avoid distractions during study sessions.

17. Review Regularly: Set aside time each day or week to review previously learned material. Regular review helps reinforce memory and prevents forgetting.

Remember that learning is a journey, and it's normal to encounter challenges along the way. Be patient with yourself and consistently apply these strategies to see improvements in your learning retention over time.

How to Use the Simple Interest Formula

 

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Using the simple interest formula is straightforward and can be applied to various financial scenarios. The formula for simple interest is:

Simple Interest (SI) = Principal (P) × Rate (R) × Time (T)

Where:

• Principal (P) is the initial amount of money invested or borrowed.
• Rate (R) is the interest rate per period. Make sure to use the rate as a decimal (e.g., 5% should be written as 0.05).
• Time (T) is the number of periods the money is invested or borrowed for.

Follow these steps to use the simple interest formula:

Step 1: Gather the information Collect the necessary data for the calculation:

• The principal amount (P).
• The interest rate per period (R) as a decimal.
• The time period (T) for which the money is invested or borrowed.

Step 2: Plug the values into the formula Insert the values into the simple interest formula:

Simple Interest (SI) = P × R × T

Step 3: Calculate the simple interest Multiply the principal (P) by the rate (R) and the time (T) to find the simple interest.

Step 4: Find the total amount To calculate the total amount (A) after the specified time, add the simple interest to the principal:

Total Amount (A) = P + SI

Example: Let's say you borrow $1,000 from a friend for 3 years at an annual interest rate of 4%. Calculate the simple interest.

Step 1: Gather the information

• Principal (P) = $1,000
• Rate (R) = 0.04 (4% expressed as a decimal)
• Time (T) = 3 years

Step 2: Plug the values into the formula Simple Interest (SI) = $1,000 × 0.04 × 3

Step 3: Calculate the simple interest SI = $120

Step 4: Find the total amount Total Amount (A) = $1,000 + $120 Total Amount (A) = $1,120

In this example, after 3 years, you will have to pay a total of $1,120 to your friend, which includes the borrowed principal and the simple interest accumulated over the period.

Tips in Answering Abstract Reasoning Exams

 

Abstract reasoning exams, also known as non-verbal reasoning tests or diagrammatic reasoning tests, are designed to assess your ability to recognize patterns, identify relationships, and draw logical conclusions without using language. These tests are commonly used in various job selection processes and academic evaluations. Here are some tips to help you succeed in answering abstract reasoning exams:

1. Understand the instructions: Before you start the test, make sure you thoroughly understand the instructions and the format of the questions. Different tests may have slightly different rules or variations, so take a moment to read the guidelines carefully.

2. Practice, practice, practice: Abstract reasoning is a skill that can be improved with practice. Seek out sample tests or past exam papers to work through. Regular practice will help you become familiar with the different types of patterns and increase your speed and accuracy.

3. Recognize common patterns: Abstract reasoning questions often involve patterns and relationships between shapes, figures, or symbols. Familiarize yourself with common patterns like rotation, reflection, symmetry, progression, and transformation.

4. Identify the rules: Once you've established the patterns, try to identify the underlying rules governing the relationships between the elements in the sequence. These rules may involve changes in shape, size, position, or other attributes.

5. Work methodically: Take your time to analyze each question carefully. Work through the sequence step-by-step, making sure you understand each transition from one figure to the next. Rushing can lead to errors.

6. Eliminate options: If you're unsure about a particular question, try to eliminate obviously incorrect answers. This strategy increases your chances of guessing correctly if you run out of time.

7. Look for symmetry and rotation: Symmetry and rotation are common in abstract reasoning tests. Pay close attention to elements that may be symmetrical or have undergone a rotation.

8. Analyze negative space: Often, the relationship between figures is not only defined by the elements themselves but also by the spaces between them. Consider the negative space between shapes when evaluating patterns.

9. Be mindful of time: Abstract reasoning tests are usually timed, so manage your time wisely. If you get stuck on a difficult question, move on to the next one and come back to it later if time allows.

10. Stay calm and focused: Abstract reasoning tests can be challenging, but try to stay calm and focused throughout the test. Avoid unnecessary distractions and trust in your preparation.

Remember that abstract reasoning is a skill that can be developed with practice. By familiarizing yourself with different types of patterns and honing your analytical abilities, you can improve your performance in abstract reasoning exams. Good luck!

Example Computation to Get Percentage of a Number Faster

 

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Let's go through some example computations to find percentages of numbers faster using the tips mentioned earlier:

Example 1: Find 20% of 250 Using the conversion to decimals, 20% becomes 0.20. Now, multiply 250 by 0.20: 20% of 250 = 0.20 * 250 = 50

Example 2: Find 30% of 180 Break down 30% into 10% + 10% + 10%. Then, find 10% of 180 and multiply by 3: 10% of 180 = 0.10 * 180 = 18 30% of 180 = 18 * 3 = 54

Example 3: Find 15% of 360 Use the multiplication shortcut for 10% (0.10) and adjust accordingly: 10% of 360 = 0.10 * 360 = 36 5% of 360 = 0.05 * 360 = 18 15% of 360 = 36 + 18 = 54

Example 4: Find 75% of 80 Since 75% is three-quarters (3/4) of the number, you can find 75% by multiplying by 0.75: 75% of 80 = 0.75 * 80 = 60

Example 5: Find 5% of 400 Use the multiplication shortcut for 5% (0.05): 5% of 400 = 0.05 * 400 = 20

Example 6: Find 35% of 120 Break down 35% into 30% + 5%. Then, find the individual percentages and add them up: 30% of 120 = 0.30 * 120 = 36 5% of 120 = 0.05 * 120 = 6 35% of 120 = 36 + 6 = 42

Example 7: Find a 20% increase of 150 To find a 20% increase, add 20% of 150 to the original number: 20% of 150 = 0.20 * 150 = 30 20% increase of 150 = 150 + 30 = 180

Example 8: Find a 15% decrease of 200 To find a 15% decrease, subtract 15% of 200 from the original number: 15% of 200 = 0.15 * 200 = 30 15% decrease of 200 = 200 - 30 = 170

By practicing these mental math techniques, you can quickly find percentages of numbers without relying on a calculator. With time and familiarity, you'll become even faster and more accurate in your calculations.

How to Multiply Numbers Quickly?

 

To multiply numbers quickly, you can use various mental math tricks and techniques. Here are some tips to help you multiply numbers faster:

1. Break Numbers Down: Split the numbers into smaller, more manageable parts. For example, if you need to multiply 36 by 25, you can break it down into (30 * 25) + (6 * 25) and calculate each part separately.

2. Use Multiples of 10: Multiplying by 10, 100, 1000, etc., is straightforward. Just add zeros to the end of the number. For example, 36 * 100 = 3600.

3. Memorize Multiplication Tables: Knowing multiplication tables up to at least 10x10 will greatly speed up your calculations.

4. Apply the Distributive Property: If you need to multiply a number by a sum, distribute the multiplication across the terms. For example, 4 * (7 + 3) can be calculated as (4 * 7) + (4 * 3).

5. Round and Adjust: If you're working with larger numbers, rounding them to the nearest multiple of 10, 100, etc., can make the calculation easier. Adjust the result accordingly to account for the rounding.

6. Use Squaring Techniques: If you need to square a number ending in 5, multiply the first part of the number by itself, then append 25 to the result. For example, 35 * 35 = (3 * 3) = 9, and then append 25, so the result is 1225.

7. Estimation: Sometimes, you may not need an exact result. In such cases, use estimation to quickly get close to the answer. This can be particularly useful for mental math.

8. Practice: Regular practice will improve your mental math skills and make you faster at multiplication.

Let's go through an example using some of these techniques:

Example: Calculate 47 * 12

1. Break down the calculation: (40 * 12) + (7 * 12)
2. Multiples of 10: 40 * 12 = 480
3. Use memorized multiplication: 7 * 12 = 84
4. Add the results: 480 + 84 = 564

So, 47 * 12 = 564.

With practice, you'll become more proficient at these techniques and be able to perform multiplication faster in your head.

Tips for Overcoming Exam Anxiety

 

Overcoming exam anxiety is a common challenge for many students, and it's essential to develop strategies to manage it effectively. Here are some tips to help you cope with exam anxiety:

1. Preparation is Key: One of the main reasons for exam anxiety is feeling unprepared. Create a study schedule well in advance and break your study material into manageable chunks. This will give you a sense of control over the material and reduce anxiety.

2. Practice with Past Exams: Familiarize yourself with the exam format and types of questions by practicing with past exams or sample papers. This can help you become more comfortable with the exam environment.

3. Stay Organized: Keep your study area organized and create a clutter-free environment. This will help reduce distractions and enhance focus during study sessions.

4. Use Active Learning Techniques: Passive studying, like simply reading notes or textbooks, may not be as effective as active learning techniques. Engage with the material through summarizing, discussing with peers, teaching concepts to others, or creating flashcards.

5. Exercise Regularly: Physical activity is an excellent way to reduce stress and anxiety. Take regular breaks to go for a walk, do some stretching exercises, or engage in any form of physical activity you enjoy.

6. Practice Relaxation Techniques: Breathing exercises, meditation, or progressive muscle relaxation can help calm your mind and body, reducing exam-related stress.

7. Get Enough Sleep: Ensure you get adequate sleep during the days leading up to the exam. A well-rested mind is better equipped to handle stress.

8. Avoid Cramming: Last-minute cramming can increase anxiety levels. Instead, review your material regularly and give yourself ample time to absorb the information gradually.

9. Limit Caffeine and Sugar: Too much caffeine or sugar can exacerbate anxiety symptoms. Opt for water and balanced meals to keep your energy levels stable.

10. Positive Self-Talk: Be mindful of your thoughts and challenge negative self-talk. Replace anxious thoughts with positive affirmations and remind yourself of your capabilities.

11. Seek Support: Talk to friends, family, or teachers about your exam anxiety. Sometimes discussing your concerns can help alleviate stress.

12. Visualize Success: Imagine yourself succeeding in the exam and visualize yourself confidently answering the questions. Visualization can boost your self-confidence and reduce anxiety.

13. Set Realistic Goals: Avoid setting overly ambitious goals that may add unnecessary pressure. Set achievable targets and reward yourself for reaching them.

14. Accept Imperfection: Recognize that nobody is perfect, and it's okay to make some mistakes in exams. Don't be too hard on yourself if everything doesn't go as planned.

15. Consider Professional Help: If exam anxiety becomes overwhelming and persistent, don't hesitate to seek professional support from a counselor or therapist.

Remember that exam anxiety is a common experience, and it can be managed with patience, practice, and the right mindset. Implementing these strategies can make a significant difference in how you approach exams and reduce your anxiety levels.

Interview Tips for Civil Service Jobs

1. Research the Position and Organization: Take the time to thoroughly research the position you're applying for and the organization you're interviewing with. Understand the role, responsibilities, and goals of the position, as well as the values and objectives of the organization. This knowledge will help you tailor your responses during the interview and demonstrate your genuine interest in the job.

   
   
    

2. Understand the Civil Service System: Familiarize yourself with the civil service system in your country or region. Understand the selection criteria, assessment methods, and competencies that are typically evaluated during civil service interviews. This knowledge will allow you to align your answers with the specific requirements of the civil service job.

3. Review Common Interview Questions: Prepare for common interview questions that are frequently asked in civil service interviews. These may include questions about your qualifications, experience, problem-solving skills, teamwork abilities, and commitment to public service. Practice your responses to these questions, focusing on providing clear and concise answers that highlight relevant examples from your past experiences.

4. Showcase Your Knowledge and Experience: During the interview, emphasize your relevant knowledge, skills, and experiences. Provide concrete examples of how you have successfully applied your abilities in previous roles or situations. Highlight any accomplishments or initiatives that demonstrate your ability to contribute effectively to the organization and fulfill the responsibilities of the civil service position.

5. Demonstrate Ethical Awareness and Integrity: Civil service jobs often require individuals with high ethical standards and integrity. Be prepared to discuss your approach to ethical decision-making, your understanding of professional conduct, and any experiences where you have demonstrated integrity in challenging situations. This will help the interviewers assess your suitability for a position in public service.

6. Highlight Your Problem-Solving Abilities: Civil service roles frequently involve addressing complex problems and finding practical solutions. Be prepared to discuss your problem-solving skills, analytical thinking, and decision-making processes. Provide specific examples of how you have tackled challenging situations, identified alternatives, and implemented effective solutions.

7. Showcase Effective Communication Skills: Strong communication skills are crucial in civil service jobs, as they often involve interacting with diverse stakeholders, writing reports, and delivering presentations. Demonstrate your ability to communicate clearly, concisely, and professionally. Practice your communication skills beforehand, paying attention to your body language, tone of voice, and ability to convey information effectively.

8. Prepare Questions to Ask: At the end of the interview, the interviewer will typically ask if you have any questions. Prepare a few thoughtful questions that showcase your interest in the position and your understanding of the organization. This demonstrates your engagement and enthusiasm for the opportunity.

9. Dress Professionally and Arrive Early: Make a positive first impression by dressing professionally for the interview. Choose appropriate attire that reflects the organization's culture and expectations. Arrive early to the interview location to allow time for any unforeseen delays and to collect your thoughts before the interview.

10. Follow Up with a Thank-You Note: After the interview, send a personalized thank-you note or email to the interviewers. Express your appreciation for the opportunity to interview and reiterate your interest in the position. This gesture demonstrates your professionalism and leaves a positive impression.

Remember, practice and preparation are key to performing well in any interview. By following these tips, you'll be better equipped to showcase your qualifications, skills, and suitability for a civil service job. Good luck!

Sentence Completion and Synonym Reviewer

Sentence Completion and Synonym Questions

 

1. I have been lonely since you___ me anymore.
   1.   don’t visit
   2.   didn’t visit
   3.   visit
2. Because you _______a friend, I will not ask for an apology.
   1.   are
   2.   was
   3.   will have been
3. Mary began to cry, so he ____ ashamed.
   1.   has been
   2.   felt
   3.   had not felt
4. Dad is going back to work now that his health_______ good.
   1.   was
   2.   will be
   3.   is
5. He just gave up as there________ little he could do.
   1.   was
   2.   will be
   3.   was being
6. We will visit you in order that we_______ you face-to-face.
   1.   see
   2.   have seen
   3.   saw
7. Since you lost your job, you ___borrow money from us.
   1.   must have
   2.   have to
   3.   could have
8. She trusted you because you________ a loyal friend.
   1.   will be
   2.   hadn't been
   3.   were
9. My stomach aches, so I______ to the doctor.
   1.   was going
   2.   will go
   3.   had gone
10. Now that the war ______over, we can get on with our lives. (has been / was / is)
    1.   has been
    2.   was
    3.   is
11. 66. People tend to be CAPRICIOUS in their behavior depending on the things or happening that they
    see and experience.
    1.   Variable
    2.   Impulsive
    3.   Moody
    4.   Volatile
    5.   Unpredictable
12. 67. We create a public official that has integrity and GUILELESS
    1.   Truthful
    2.   Hardworking
    3.   Transparent
    4.   Honest
    5.   Intelligent
13. 68. Every day I'm sad because I have a jealous with other people, especially in other men I have no handsome face, no beautiful body, no money and NONENTITY, then, I ask myself, why God existed me?
    1.   Infamous
    2.   Unfamous
    3.   Not Famous
    4.   No home
    5.   No Property
14. 69. Many people are SYBARITE they spent their money in nothing, in end, they are nothing.
    1.   Contented
    2.   Thrifty
    3.   Luxurious
    4.   Self-Indulgent
    5.   Not Conscious
15. 70. Ano kaya ang buhay sa ilalim ng PANUNUPIL ng isang heneral ng Canaan at ng mga hukbo nito?
    1.   Pananakop
    2.   Pananakit
    3.   Pagpatay
    4.   Pamumuno
    5.   Paniniil

Civil Service Identifying Sentence Errors Reviewer

DIRECTIONS: Some of the sentences in this section contain an error in grammar or correct usage. If there is NO ERROR choose 5. If there is an error, choose from 1 to 4.

 

1. (1) Between (2) the three of us, (3) I think I am (4) the slowest runner. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
2. (1) There are (2) scarcely no (3) more birds (4) in this city. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
3. (1) This (2) fruit (3) contains (4) fewer sugar. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
4. (1) I have never (2) seen nothing (3) as beautiful (4) as this city. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
5. (1) Place the (2) mirror on (3) the wall to give you an (4) allusion of bigger room. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
6. (1) We were lucky (2) we didn’t (3) have typhoon (4) this month. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
7. (1) My favorite (2) vegetable (3) are (4) peas. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
8. (1) Either James or John (2) are going (3) to lead the choir in the (4) recital tomorrow. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
9. (1) The additional supplies (2) that we need (3) to bring are: (4) band aids, cottons, alcohol, and gauze. (5) NO ERROR
   1.   1
   2.   2
   3.   3
   4.   4
   5.   5
10. (1) All the students (2) has finished (3) their (4) report. (5) NO ERROR
    1.   1
    2.   2
    3.   3
    4.   4
    5.   5
11. (1) He (2) was (3) a (4) honorable man. (5) NO ERROR
    1.   1
    2.   2
    3.   3
    4.   4
    5.   5
12. (1) The recently (2) heavy flooding (3) effected the (4) crops of farmers. (1) NO ERROR
    1.   1
    2.   2
    3.   3
    4.   4
    5.   5
13. (1) Emmanuel (2) could of passed (3) the examinations (4) if he had studied hard enough. (5) NO ERROR
    1.   1
    2.   2
    3.   3
    4.   4
    5.   5
14. (1) I believe (2) that were going (3) to have a (4) prosperous new year. (5) NO ERROR
    1.   1
    2.   2
    3.   3
    4.   4
    5.   5
15. (1) Paul Erdos (2) was a mathematician (3) who writes a lot of research papers (4) in collaboration with other mathematicians. (5) NO ERROR
    1.   1
    2.   2
    3.   3
    4.   4
    5.   5

source: https://www.civilserviceexamph.com/grammar-and-correct-usage-questions-in-2017-cse/